Takitsari ne da ke lalata da daidaita sharar kwayoyin halitta ta hanyar ayyukan ƙwayoyin cuta don samar da samfurin da ya dace da amfanin ƙasa.
Thetsari fermentationshi ma wani suna na takin zamani.Sharar gida dole ne a ci gaba da narkar da su, daidaitawa, kuma a canza su zuwa takin zamani ta hanyar aikin ƙwayoyin cuta a ƙarƙashin yanayin isassun abun ciki na ruwa, rabon carbon-nitrogen, da tattara iskar oxygen.Bayan tsari mai kyau na taki, kayan sharar kwayoyin suna da ƙarfi sosai, ƙamshi ya tafi, kuma da gaske ba ya ƙunshi ƙwayoyin cuta masu haɗari da iri iri.Ana iya amfani dashi azaman inganta ƙasa da takin gargajiya a cikin ƙasa.
A sakamakon haka, samarwa da kiyaye yanayin da zai dace da ci gaban ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta abu ne mai mahimmanci don tabbatar da ingancin takin.Babban aikin don cimma wannan burin shine farkon sarrafa albarkatun halitta.Matakai masu zuwa suna cikin aikin Farko na sarrafa takin masana'antu:
1. Binciken danyen abu: Ana cire ƙazanta da gurɓatattun abubuwa waɗanda ba taki ba.Misali, karfe, dutse, gilashi, filastik, da sauransu.
2. Crushing: Ana buƙatar wasu ƙaƙƙarfan kayan da suke da wuyar karyewa, kamar ragowar abinci, ciyayi, kwali, sludge, da sharar ɗan adam, suna buƙatar murkushe su.Ana amfani da juzu'i don haɓaka farfajiyar albarkatun ƙasa, haɓaka bazuwar ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, da haɓaka daidaituwar haɗuwar albarkatun ƙasa.
3. Daidaita danshi: Don daidaita abubuwan da ke cikin ruwa a cikin takin, daidaitawar danshi yana da mahimmanci don takamaiman kayan albarkatun ƙasa, irin su takin dabba, waɗanda ke da babban abun ciki ko ƙarancin ruwa.Yawancin lokaci, kayan da suka yi jika sosai dole ne a bushe, ko kuma a ƙara yawan danshi ta hanyar ƙara yawan ruwa.
4. Haɗuwa: A cikin wani takamaiman rabo, haɗa albarkatun da aka yi gwajin, murƙushewa, daidaita danshi, da sauran hanyoyin sarrafawa.Manufar hadawa ita ce kiyaye lafiyacarbon-to-nitrogen rabo, ko C/N rabo, a cikin takin.Don ƙarfafa haɓakawa da haifuwa na ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙimar C/N mafi kyau ya kamata ya kasance daga 25: 1 zuwa 30: 1.
5. Taki: Tari albarkatun da aka shirya don su iya yin taki.Don kula da yanayin zafi da yanayin zafi na takin da kuma ƙarfafa rushewar ƙwayoyin cuta, dole ne a juya takin kuma a shayar da shi akai-akai yayin aikin tarawa.
Farkon sarrafa takin masana'antu na iya haɗawa da nau'ikan jiyya masu zuwa baya ga mahimman matakan danye - tantance kayan, murƙushewa, daidaita danshi, turawa, da takin:
Kwayar da ɗanyen kayan aiki: Ana buƙatar gurɓata kayan albarkatun ƙasa tunda suna iya haɗawa da ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa, kwai kwaro, tsaba iri, da dai sauransu. Sinadari ko na zahiri na ƙazanta, kamar yin amfani da ƙwayoyin cuta (kamar maganin tururi mai zafi).
Jiyya na daidaitawa: Don rage haɗarin gurɓatar muhalli, wasu sharar gida na masana'antu, sludge, da sauransu, dole ne a daidaita su tunda sun haɗa da mahadi masu cutarwa kamar kwayoyin halitta da ƙarfe masu nauyi.Ana amfani da Pyrolysis, narkewar anaerobic, redox far, da sauran fasahohi akai-akai don maganin kwantar da hankali.
Haɗe-haɗe: Ana iya haɗa nau'ikan albarkatun ƙasa da yawa da kuma bi da su don haɓaka inganci da abun ciki mai gina jiki na takin masana'antu.Misali, abubuwan da ke tattare da takin zamani da bambancin abinci mai gina jiki na iya karuwa ta hanyar hada sharar gari da sharar gona.
Ƙarin magani: Ana iya ƙara wasu sinadarai zuwa takin don haɓaka raguwar ƙwayoyin cuta, canza matakin pH, ƙara abubuwa masu gina jiki, da sauransu, don inganta inganci da fasalin takin.Misali, kara guntuwar itace na iya inganta iskar takin da ikon rike ruwa.Ƙara lemun tsami zai iya daidaita matakin pH na takin kuma yana ƙarfafa haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta.Hakanan zaka iya ƙara ƙwayoyin cuta na aerobic ko anaerobic kai tsaye zuwa takin don hanzarta haifuwa da haɓaka flora na ciki.
Ya kamata a jaddada cewa akwai nau'ikan kayan farawa da yawa don takin masana'antu, kuma kayan farawa daban-daban suna kira ga dabarun sarrafa matakin farko daban-daban.Don tabbatar da ingancin takin da amincin muhalli, dole ne a bincika da kuma kimanta albarkatun ƙasa kafin a fara aiki na farko.Ya kamata a zaɓi zaɓuɓɓukan magani da yawa ta yanayi.
Lokacin aikawa: Maris 24-2023