Abubuwan da ke tattare da sludge yana da rikitarwa, tare da tushe da nau'o'in daban-daban.A halin yanzu, manyan hanyoyin zubar da rarrabuwa a duniya sun hada da rarrabuwar kasa, kona rarrabuwa, amfani da albarkatun kasa, da sauran hanyoyin magance su.Hanyoyin zubar da yawa suna da fa'idodi da bambance-bambance a aikace-aikace, da kuma gazawar dangi.Alal misali, sludge landfill zai sami matsaloli irin su matsa lamba na inji mai wuya, wahalar tacewa, da kuma mummunan ƙamshi;ƙona sludge yana da matsaloli kamar yawan amfani da makamashi, tsadar magani, da samar da iskar dioxin mai cutarwa;Yin amfani da shi shine magance matsalolin kamar dogon zagayowar da babban yanki.Gabaɗaya, fahimtar rashin lahani na sludge, raguwa, amfani da albarkatu, da kuma kula da daidaitawa matsala ce ta muhalli da ke buƙatar ci gaba da magancewa da ingantawa.
Fasahar sarrafa takin aerobic:
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an yi amfani da fasahar sarrafa takin sludge aerobic don zubar da sludge.Yana da mara lahani, mai rage ƙara, da kuma tabbatar da cikakkiyar fasahar jiyya sludge.Saboda yawancin hanyoyin amfani da shi don samfuran fermented (amfani da gandun daji, amfani da shimfidar wuri, ƙasa mai cike da ƙasa, da sauransu), ƙarancin saka hannun jari da farashin aiki, Faɗin aikace-aikacen aikace-aikace da sauran halaye suna damuwa sosai.Akwai tsarin takin zamani guda uku, wato: nau'in stacking, nau'in bin/trough, da reactor.Muhimmin ka'ida ita ce al'umman ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta suna bazuwa kuma suna canza kwayoyin halitta a cikin sludge zuwa carbon dioxide, ruwa, kwayoyin halitta, da kwayoyin halitta a ƙarƙashin ma'auni mai dacewa, danshi da yanayin iska, yana sakin makamashi a lokaci guda, da inganta ingantaccen ƙarfi. sharar gida a cikin barga.Humus, inganta sludge taki abun ciki.
Abubuwan buƙatu na asali don takin sludge:
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa na sludge, amma wasu ba su dace da albarkatun kasa don taki ba.Na farko, ana buƙatar cika waɗannan sharuɗɗan:
1. Ƙarfe mai nauyi ba ya wuce misali;2. Yana da biodegradable;3. Abubuwan kwayoyin halitta ba za su iya zama ƙasa da ƙasa ba, aƙalla fiye da 40%.
Ƙa'idar fasaha ta sludge takin:
Ka'idar ita ce aiwatar da ƙasƙantar da ƙaƙƙarfan sharar gida ta hanyar aikin ƙwayoyin cuta na aerobic a ƙarƙashin yanayin iska.A cikin wannan tsari, abubuwa masu narkewa a cikin sludge suna shiga kai tsaye ta hanyar kwayoyin halitta ta hanyar bangon tantanin halitta da membranes na kwayoyin halitta;Abu na biyu kuma, abubuwan da ba za a iya narkewa ba, ana sanya su a waje da ƙwayoyin cuta, suna bazuwa zuwa abubuwa masu narkewa ta hanyar enzymes na extracellular da ƙwayoyin cuta suka ɓoye, sannan su shiga cikin sel.Microorganisms suna aiwatar da catabolism da anabolism ta hanyar ayyukan rayuwa na rayuwa, suna oxidize wani ɓangare na kwayoyin halitta cikin sauƙi cikin abubuwa masu sauƙi, kuma suna sakin makamashin da ake buƙata don ayyukan haɓakar halittu;hada wani bangare na kwayoyin halitta zuwa sabbin sinadarai ta salula, ta yadda ci gaban kwayoyin halitta da haifuwa, samar da karin kwayoyin halitta.
Haɓaka riga-kafi:
Daidaita girman barbashi, danshi, da rabon carbon-nitrogen na kayan, kuma ƙara ƙwayoyin cuta a lokaci guda don haɓaka saurin ci gaba na tsarin fermentation.
Haɗin farko (taki):
Bazuwar abubuwa masu canzawa a cikin sharar gida, kashe ƙwai da ƙwayoyin cuta, da cimma manufar mara lahani.Lokacin da aka rage yawan danshi, kwayoyin halitta sun lalace kuma suna ma'adinai don saki N, P, K, da sauran abubuwan gina jiki, kuma a lokaci guda, abubuwan da ke cikin kwayoyin halitta sun zama sako-sako da tarwatsa.
Haɗuwa na biyu (bazuwar):
Dattin dattin kwayoyin halitta bayan fermentation na takin farko bai kai ga balaga ba kuma yana buƙatar ci gaba da shayarwar fermentation na biyu, wato, tsufa.Manufar tsufa shine don ƙara lalacewa, daidaitawa da bushe sauran kwayoyin halitta na macromolecular a cikin kwayoyin halitta don biyan bukatun tsarin samar da taki na gaba.
Lokacin aikawa: Jul-22-2022